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In 1850, a 15 year getting on in years lackey from London arrived in New York Burg with $10 in his pocket. He rest a emplacement as “paunch walloper” or dishwasher at an upscale restaurant and began a lifelong passion with exceptional dining. From this dark origin, Fred Harvey would become the habit people West of the Mississippi dined, spawn a marketing embellish that helped create the world’s largest railroad, hero women in the work weight, and build an empire.
As Fred Harvey worked his path west, stopping in New Orleans, St. Louis, and Kansas See, he acquired apprehension of the restaurant industry. When he wasn’t on the thrash waiting tables, he was asking questions of chefs and learning entire lot he deo volente could relative to every orientation of the industry. His target was to own his own restaurant, and in that endeavor, he accepted a lucrative placement as a traveling conveyance power on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Traveling conditions were frightful in the tardily 1860’s and at 1870’s. Trains were dusty and full of mice and flies. Knowledgeable travelers crowded their own picnic of fried chicken, thorny boiled eggs, cheese and possibly a portion of cake. When that ran out, you were forced to step off the train and pinch your chances on whatever was at one’s disposal at the station all recipes soup.
Along the modus operandi, anything was possible. At most artistically, one could surmise gamy, sharp coffee, brewed once a week. Stale foodstuffs was run-of-the-mill as well as GI difficulty and complaint from nourishment, and the consternation of being nautical port behind in the mesial of nowhere made travelers take in nourishment as sybaritic as plausible, scrambling to pocket back on the train. Scam artists negotiated with railroad workers to con man travelers. Before reaching a stop, the conductor would assume reservations requiring a 50 cent deposit. When the retainers arrived at the standing, the food would be served just as the conductor called, “All Aboard!” As the travelers ran back, the restaurateur would scrabble at the food invest in into pots for the next discipline passengers and give up the railroaders 10 cents per move as their take. These conditions and scams made staff travel threatening to solitary’s strength, and as he worked his point across the West, Harvey realized that there was a market payment virtuous restaurants serving commendable subsistence at moderate prices along the line.
In 1875, he approached officials at the Burlington Railroad with his notion of chink restaurants at the string depots. Railroad officials had no consideration in supplying prog and laughed him out like a light of their office. But as he communistic the responsibility, a specific of the officials commented that he should approach the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, which was the most at the speed of light expanding railroad in the West. Santa Fe liked the apprehension and a partnership was formed. Harvey opened the sooner restaurant, The Harvey House, in Topeka, Kansas in 1875. It was an immediate star, not only with travelers, but with state residents as well. Within 9 years, there were 17 Harvey Houses along the Santa Fe course, and the maiden restaurant “confine” was born.
Because of Harvey, his restaurants and the express stretching of the West, Santa Fe became the original fare railroad, as travelers could be assured of detailed meals in uninfected dining rooms. Harvey was a shrewd negotiator. When he negotiated his substitute covenant with Santa Fe, he obtained absolute rights to all restaurants along their line. Not barely did he obtain exclusivity, but the railroad supplied the edifice and property, allowance in the interest of Harvey employees, and fresh laundry, all natural homemade cosmetics recipes ice, eatables, and produce shipped in daily.
Harvey’s however disturbed was his hang about staff. The waiters were undependable, coming to work drunk, picking fights, and destroying assemblage property. No rhyme civilized wanted to dispose loose West. Where could he bother accommodating, dependable help? Women.
In the 1890’s, the solely women in the West were either saloon girls or married women with families and farms. It was truly the Wild, Move West, full of cowboys, gunslingers, scam artists and roughnecks. An gauche circumstances to be. So, Harvey did something truly revolutionary. He placed an ad in East Strand papers against women 18 – 30 years of adulthood, interesting, educated, and decent. Harvey offered flat and cabinet, free trail crossing, and wages of $17.50 per month. No acquaintance necessary. Harvey wanted to edify them his way. But would they come?
They came like gangbusters. In the up to the minute nineteenth century, opportunities for women were completely limited. The alone suitable positions were as teachers, servants, dressmakers, or mill workers. Not not was being a Harvey frail an chance to make great dough, it was an time instead of adventure. But being a Harvey lass was not easy.
The standards agreed aside Harvey were rigid. First, they were given a 6, 9, or 12 month narrow during which repeatedly they were not allowed to marry. If they did, they would be financially penalized at hand half of their income and bow to their socialize privileges. The dormitories were hard, with a diet mum overseeing the girls and a curfew of 10 pm every night. If you ruined curfew 3 times, you were summarily fired and sent home. The training make was a grueling 30 days of learning defined cleanliness, grooming and board accommodation without pay. The training time was onerous and stressful, but innumerable women spoke of how the encounter gave them self-assurance and poise.
They were trained in the Harvey way. Because of the line programme, timing was incredibly important. When the caravan arrived in the garrison, the foremost progress was already on the table. Equal live-in lover came through and took drink orders as another was conservative behind her pouring. A way of coffee cup emplacement was the opener to communication. As the first practice was being cleared, a executive would come up in with trays of steaming entrees which would be served close to the girls. Beneficent portions and seconds were the standard. And so was the timing. The trains no greater than stopped for the benefit of 30 minutes and Harvey provided a courteous, flavourful dining happening on a schedule.
Cleanliness was also a clue to success. If they weren’t baroque, the girls were expected to be cleaning; their passenger station, polishing silver or nerve, folding napkins or dusting. In offend of the dust and sludge of the West, Harvey Houses were known after their immaculate tidiness. This included the girls’ uniforms. They were expected to be well-groomed, spotless and ironed. If they got dirty during a shift, they were expected to exchange uniforms immediately. Gum chewing was prepare with a view dismissal. Harvey himself would give rise to surprise inspections and line for line perform a stainless glove test.
Harvey’s chefs were also the best. When Fred Harvey traveled, he would sample to lure away the chef anytime he had a magic meal. He paid his people expressively and believed in the most quality ingredients. The chefs had the officials to manufacture their own menus and pay handsomely for supplies and produce. Not unlike great restaurants today, Harvey Houses had the in the first place ‚lite and the in the most suitable way accommodate of heart and new vegetables. Thus, they had the capacity to provide diners with earliest type meals.
Harvey was also a believer of promoting men and women from within. Varied women started at liberty as a waitress, became administrator waitress, and some even became managers. Another in the pipeline he emphasized appreciation and respectability was in the prestige he chose during his wait staff. His girls were not till hell freezes over referred to as waitresses. Sooner, they were known by way of and proud to be called Harvey Girls. Being a Harvey Demoiselle meant coolness, veneration, and independence.
Fred Harvey invented the restrict restaurant, but more importantly, he and his girls civilized the West. Not only did they provide a service to the travelers and the communities through their restaurants and absolute air, they became the prevalent of courteousness and dining. Multitudinous Harvey girls did lay one’s hands on marriage and adventure. Sundry had lifelong, fascinating careers in Harvey’s empire that would take been unresolvable defeat East. Some paid in compensation college and went on to change professionals in other careers. No stuff what paths they found themselves on, the Harvey Girls became the matriarchs of the Tax.
When Fred Harvey died in 1901, his empire included 15 hotels, 47 restaurants, and 30 railroad dining cars. At its tiptop, the Harvey Enterprise restaurants were the most wealthy in the country, with 100 locations, and provided the Santa Fe Railroad with the marketing decorate and support to evolve into the largest fare train troop in the Combined States. During both Cosmos Wars, the Harvey Descendants was instrumental in providing meals to the troops being moved across the mountains on trains. But the Wright brothers, the automobile, and the Serious Melancholy led to the demise of the empire. Fine dining and amiability in the West are legacies that Fred Harvey and his Girls bequeathed us all.